How many chromosomes are present in a normal human somatic cell?

• A. 23
• B. 46
• C. 48
• D. 44

Answer: (B)

In a normal human somatic cell, there are 46 chromosomes. Humans typically have a diploid number of chromosomes, which means they possess two sets of chromosomes: one set inherited from each parent. Each set contains 23 chromosomes, leading to a total of 23 pairs. This configuration includes 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, which are designated as XX for females and XY for males. This diploid state is crucial for normal growth, development, and functioning of the body’s tissues. The number of 46 chromosomes is the standard for all human somatic cells, distinguishing them from gametes, which contain only 23 chromosomes (half the number) for sexual reproduction.